UID PID PPID LWP C NLWP SZ RSS PSR STIME TTY TIME CMD The -L option is for getting information about the threads. PSR indicates the processor that the process is currently assigned to. RSS is the resident set size, the non-swapped physical memory that the process has used in kilobytes. The SZ column gives the virtual size of the process, code, data and stack segments taken together. Rtkit 1407 1 0 4772 432 0 Feb20 ? 00:00:05 /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemonĬompared with the -f option, the -F option gives three additional columns of output. UID PID PPID C SZ RSS PSR STIME TTY TIME CMD However there is a -F option, which is the extra full format. The -f option gives the full format listing. Root 2120 1 0 Dec11 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /eph/sbin/nginx -g daemon on master_process on Quite often, the ps command is used in conjunction with the grep command, to filter out processes matching a certain pattern. Finally, we have the command, using which, the process was created. The next column gives the cumulative CPU time used by the process in hh:mm:ss format. The next two columns give the process start time and the terminal from which the process has been started respectively. A high value for C indicates a CPU intensive process. It is the CPU time used by the process divided by the clock time the process has been running, expressed as the integer value of the percentage. The next column, with heading C, represents CPU utilization. The third column gives the parent process id. The second column gives the process-id, the unique id of the process in the system. In the ps output, the first column gives the process owner's user-id. Without it, ps -e command would have just listed all the processes but with lesser number of attributes. Without this, ps gives the processes belonging to the same effective user id as the user giving the command and also started from the current terminal. The -e option selects all processes in the system. Root 1008 990 2 Feb20 tty7 02:44:38 /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch -background none To find out information about all the processes in the system, the command is, So, to know what is happening in the system, the first instinctive action is to find out about processes running in the system by using the ps command. Also, for each installed package, there might be one or more processes. Our programs run as processes in the system. The ps command gives information about processes on a Linux or Unix system.
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